How It Works

Understanding our fishing forecast

For the weight of every factor, where each measurement comes from, and how that differs from a moon-phase almanac, see how we score a fishing day. It is also printable as a one-page PDF.

Multi-Factor Scoring System

Our fishing forecast combines weighted environmental factors into a single score (0-100) that rates how good the day is for fishing. The engine weighs 12 factors, and any one location uses 11 of them, because tides count only on the coast and river flow only inland. Each factor uses smooth curves rather than hard bands, so a small change in conditions makes a small change in the score. Factors don't score in isolation: dangerous weather pulls the moon factors toward neutral and holds the day down by how much of its daylight is unsafe, a measured oxygen crash cuts the water-temperature score, and fronts are read from the pressure trend, the sky, the wind and the temperature together. Weights shift by season (humidity, for example, counts only in summer), and how well an input is known changes its influence: a modeled water temperature carries less weight than a gauge on your water. After the weighted factors are averaged, a separate layer of adjustments moves the day's score: multi-day weather stability, visibility and fog, recent rainfall, dissolved oxygen, turbidity and day length on every forecast, and with a species picked, its seasonal state, spawn timing, forage and response to a front. Every factor's exact weight is shown below, and we publish our full scoring formula transparently, which most fishing forecasts do not.

The Factors

Solunar Activity

3% fresh3% coast

Moon phase and distance in the grade; feeding periods by the hour

Solunar tables mark major periods of about two hours, centered on the moon passing overhead or underfoot, and minor periods of about one hour, centered on moonrise and moonset. Those feeding periods shape the hourly chart and the best-time windows: an hour inside a major period earns more than one inside a minor, and the credit shrinks on an hour whose weather is poor. Hourly scores also inform the daily opportunity limit. In the base condition assessment this factor reads the moon's phase and its distance from Earth, so together with Moon Phase the moon carries 4% of that assessment.

Moon Phase

1% fresh1% coast

New and full moons score highest

New and full moons are the traditional peaks, and they do bring the strongest tides. The evidence that they change catch rates is weak (Quigley et al. 2023 found no significant lunar effect on trout catches), which is why this factor carries so little weight. Phase scoring uses a plateau curve that stays high near the peaks (100 at new or full, 95 a day either side) and drops to 50 at the quarter moons. Zodiac sign data is shown for reference but does not affect scoring. Lunar distance (perigee versus apogee) adjusts the Solunar factor, not this one.

Barometric Pressure

7% fresh7% coast

Scored on its level and on how fast it is changing

The factor starts from the barometer's level, best near 1015 mb (about 30 inHg) and falling away toward very low or very high pressure. Then the trend over the past six hours: a steady fall of 1 to 2 hPa an hour earns the most, a slower fall less, and a fall faster than 2 hPa an hour less again, because a storm is close. A fast rise costs points. An accelerating fall adds a little more, and a switch from falling to rising within the last six hours earns a recovery bonus. Fronts are detected here too (see Front Detection below). Controlled studies find weak or no direct effect of pressure on catch rates, which is why this factor carries a modest weight.

Wind

12% fresh13% coast

Speed and steadiness

Wind is scored on the day's top sustained speed. The curve peaks at 8 mph, and roughly 6 to 13 mph scores 80 or better; dead calm scores 55, 15 mph scores 67 and 20 mph scores 45. Steady wind earns a bonus, while gusty, erratic or shifting wind loses points. Compass direction is not scored for its own sake: Lennox et al. 2017 traced apparent direction effects to the weather systems behind them. A north-westerly counts in one place only, as one of the signs that a cold front has passed (see Front Detection below).

Air Temperature

6% fresh6% coast

Season & location adjusted

Temperature scoring adjusts by both season and latitude. A winter day centers on about 30°F in Maine and about 64°F in Miami. The ideal range shifts smoothly across latitudes so scores reflect what's actually normal for each region. Multi-day stability matters too. Consistent temperatures earn a bonus, while sudden 10°F+ swings reduce the score.

Water Temperature

23% fresh22% coast

Primary driver of fish activity

Each species has preferred temperature ranges. Generally, 60-72°F represents peak metabolism and feeding for most freshwater gamefish. A 5-day warming trend in spring earns a bonus as fish become more active, while fall cooling can trigger pre-winter feeding. The air-water temperature differential is also scored: when air is 5-15°F warmer than water, insect emergence and surface feeding increase. When a target species is selected, water temperature outside the species' viable range caps the overall score. No amount of favorable weather can overcome fish in water too cold or too warm to be active.

Sky Conditions

6% fresh6% coast

Partly cloudy (about 35%) scores best

Cloud cover scores best around 35%, a partly cloudy sky that mixes shade and light: 85 there, against 60 under a clear sky and 68 under full overcast. Solar radiation data cross-checks the cloud reading. Thick low overcast earns a few points back and thin high cloud on its own loses a few, but full overcast still scores below a partly cloudy sky.

Precipitation

8% fresh8% coast

Timing and type matter

Precipitation type matters: light steady drizzle triggers feeding (+5), snow suppresses insect activity (-8), and freezing rain or sleet caps this factor at 15. Hourly data identifies AM vs PM rain timing. CAPE data detects thunderstorm potential with regionally calibrated thresholds. In severe weather (thunderstorms or high winds) the solunar and moon phase scores are pulled toward 50, all the way to 50 on a dangerous day, so the moon cannot prop up a day the weather has ruled out. The day itself is then held down by how much of its daylight is dangerous to be out in, hour by hour: thunder, the hour after it, and sustained wind from 20 mph, counted in full from 25. Dangerous from sunrise to sunset, a day grades no better than F; a short afternoon storm costs only its share, and no best window is offered inside one.

Tides

12% coast

Moving water scores best

Moving water concentrates bait. The tide score is lowest at slack water around each high and low, and highest mid-cycle, roughly two to four hours after the turn, when the current runs hardest. The day's grade reads the tide at one moment (now for today, midday for later days); the hourly chart follows the current hour by hour.

River Flow

8% fresh

Normal flow is ideal

USGS gauges, and the Corps of Engineers release below its dams where no gauge measures the tailwater, say how much water a river is carrying. Normal flow (25-75th percentile) provides ideal fishing. High flow brings more food but can be dangerous. Low flow concentrates fish but reduces activity. The rate-of-change over 6 hours detects rising water (food washed in, +5 bonus) or falling from high (fish repositioning, +3 bonus). Station distance affects confidence: nearby stations carry full weight while distant stations are down-weighted.

UV Index

5% fresh5% coast

Peak at UV 3-4, drops above 6

UV scoring peaks at index 3-4 where fish are active at all depths. Above UV 6, fish seek shade and deeper water. Solar radiation data cross-checks UV values for consistency.

Humidity

3% fresh2% coast

Dew point drives insect hatches

Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is used as the primary scorer when available, as it best predicts insect emergence conditions. Optimal VPD of 0.5-1.5 kPa indicates prime hatch potential. Falls back to dew point (55-65°F ideal) then humidity percentage when VPD data is unavailable. The weight shown is the base: the seasonal shifts take humidity to zero outside summer, so it counts only then.

Advanced Modifiers

The weighted factors are averaged into a base score. Each item below either moves the day's score directly, works inside one factor, shapes the hourly chart and best-time windows, or changes only the advice, and each card says which. Most bonuses that move the day's score are scaled down on a day whose weather is poor; penalties are not.

With a substantially complete hourly forecast, the daily grade is also limited by the strongest three-hour session and how long favorable conditions last. Extra good hours add flexibility with diminishing returns. Water-temperature limits, measured oxygen stress, relevant river flow and turbidity also reach the hourly scores; feeding bonuses cannot cancel a binding water limit. Missing hours do not count as poor conditions. This is a conditions index, not a catch probability.

Multi-Day Stability

Compares today with the two days before it on mean temperature, pressure and peak wind. A settled run earns a bonus and an erratic one a penalty, ramping smoothly between them, so a one-degree change in the forecast cannot swing it. It applies to every forecast, with or without a species, and is one of the larger adjustments here. Moves the day's score.

Seasonal State

With a species picked, the engine places it in a seasonal state (pre-spawn, spawn, post-spawn, summer, fall feed, winter or neutral) from the date and the water temperature, and raises or lowers the day's score by an amount authored for that species. It can be the largest single adjustment here, so it ramps across several days and degrees rather than jumping when the label changes. Moves the day's score.

Visibility and Fog

Hazy air earns a point or two, very clear air past ten miles costs about as much (double for sight-feeding species), and fog costs a few points. Moves the day's score, by a few points at most.

Lunar Distance

The moon's distance from Earth varies between about 356,500 km (perigee) and 406,700 km (apogee). A closer moon nudges the Solunar factor up and a distant one nudges it down, with a little extra when a new or full moon falls near perigee (a supermoon). This works inside the Solunar factor, so it moves the day's score by about a point at most.

Recent Rainfall

A dry day after a wet one earns a bonus, and so does a moderate soaking inland that raises the water, except on a day that reads as post-frontal, where the clearing is the front itself and is not paid for twice. More than 2" of rain in 48 hours reads as blown-out water and costs points, as do heavy rain falling today and a summer dry spell. Moves the day's score.

Dissolved Oxygen

When available, real dissolved oxygen readings from USGS monitoring stations are used directly, against thresholds that differ by species. A station below a dam counts only for the river it measures, since the release comes from the oxygen-poor bottom of the lake above. When no station is nearby, or the only one is a release on other water, a proxy estimates oxygen from water temperature, wind and recent rain, and its penalty is capped at -5 to reflect lower confidence. A measured reading low enough to cost 7 points or more also cuts the water-temperature factor's score to 70% of its value, since fish behavior changes under oxygen stress. Moves the day's score, and in a crisis the water-temperature factor too.

Coldwater (trout, salmon): ≥9 mg/L no penalty, ≥7 mg/L -3, ≥5 mg/L -8, below 5 mg/L -12

Freshwater warmwater (bass, catfish, panfish): ≥8 mg/L no penalty, ≥6 mg/L -2, ≥4 mg/L -5, ≥2 mg/L -8, below 2 mg/L -10

Saltwater and estuarine (redfish, snook, striped bass): ≥6 mg/L no penalty, ≥4 mg/L -2, ≥2.5 mg/L -5, below 2.5 mg/L -9

Photoperiod

When day length is changing quickly, as it does around the equinoxes, lengthening days in late winter and spring earn a small bonus and shortening days in late summer and fall a smaller one. Near the solstices it is neutral. Moves the day's score, by a few points.

Hourly Convergence

An hour earns a convergence bonus when several things line up in it: dawn or dusk inside a major solunar period (which counts double), a quick drop in pressure, rain stopping, or a swing in the wind. The best-time windows pick these hours out. These hourly scores also inform the daily opportunity limit.

Water Turbidity

When available, real turbidity readings from USGS stations (measured in NTU) reveal water clarity. When no station is nearby, turbidity is estimated from recent rainfall, streamflow trends, and seasonal runoff patterns (spring gets a 1.3x multiplier). Moderate stain (10-50 NTU) is ideal for most species (+5), while very turbid water (>200 NTU) penalizes all species (-8). Sight feeders like bass are especially penalized in murky water. Sight feeders in murky water under clear skies receive an additional penalty, while overcast conditions reduce the turbidity impact. Moves the day's score.

Spawn Windows

When a target species is selected, the system checks water temperature against the species' spawn range, in the spawn season for your latitude: the calendar moves earlier in the south and later in the north, by when lakes there reach that temperature. Pre-spawn conditions (water approaching spawn temp) earn a +8 bonus as fish feed aggressively to prepare. Active spawn conditions apply a -5 penalty since fish focus on reproduction rather than feeding. Post-spawn recovery earns +3 as fish resume feeding. Moves the day's score.

Air Quality Index (not active)

Not currently active. The engine has a modifier for poor air quality (moderate air, AQI 51-100, -2; unhealthy for sensitive groups, 101-150, -5; worse, -10), but it depends on an EPA AirNow feed that is not switched on, so no forecast currently reads air quality or is graded on it.

Frozen Water Detection

For inland water above 33°N. On a lake the system can identify, ice is called when the last 30 days of air at the lake have been cold enough for a lake that size: a big lake needs more sustained cold than a small one, and because the rule reads each lake’s own air, the date moves with the region and the winter. On those lakes, for walleye, northern pike, crappie, yellow perch, bluegill, and largemouth bass, the ice is scored. Wind, air temperature, humidity, UV and precipitation drop out, since none of them reach fish under the ice, and water temperature is replaced by an Ice Season factor: the share of its open-water catch rate each species keeps through the ice, measured on Wisconsin’s treaty creel surveys. For walleye, crappie, and yellow perch, which bite best at first ice, the first 7 days of ice score higher, fading out by day 15. A day whose weather is dangerous on the ice grades no better than F. Every other species, and a forecast with no species chosen, is still scored as open water, and away from an identified lake the system falls back to Freezing Degree Days over the past week, which changes the advice only. When ice is likely, tips switch to ice fishing guidance and location-specific ice confidence is displayed.

Front Detection

Fronts are read inside the pressure factor. A day counts as pre-front when pressure has fallen more than 4 mb over six hours and is still falling faster than 1 hPa an hour, and that adds 5 to the pressure factor. Post-front needs pressure to have risen at least 4 mb off its recent low, or a high of 1030 mb or more under a mostly clear sky, and then enough of four signals agreeing: the size of the rise, how high the barometer stands (which counts double), how clear the sky is, and either a north-westerly wind or a drop from yesterday's mean temperature. A post-front day takes 5 off the pressure factor. With a species picked, that species' own response to the front also moves the day's score, and behind a front it fades over the hours that species needs to recover.

Seasonal Weight Shifting

Factor weights shift by season to reflect how fish behavior changes through the year. Winter adds weight to water temperature and pressure and takes it from river flow and humidity. Spring adds weight to water temperature and river flow and takes it from cloud cover and humidity. Summer adds weight to wind, cloud cover and humidity and takes it from river flow, UV and solunar. Fall adds weight to water temperature and pressure and takes it from cloud cover and humidity. Solunar gains weight in no season. Humidity counts only in summer. The score is then averaged over the weights actually in use, so a shift moves weight between factors rather than adding any.

Data Confidence Weighting

Not all data sources are equally reliable. A water-temperature gauge or shore thermometer within 10 miles keeps its full weight, one 10 to 20 miles off keeps 85%, and one further out keeps 60%. Offshore buoys use wider distance bands, a satellite sea-surface reading keeps 85%, and a modeled temperature keeps 60%, as does a gauge the engine knows is on different water from yours. Every water temperature three or more days out keeps 60% too, because it is carried forward rather than measured for that day. The weight taken away goes to the other factors, so less certain data has proportionally less influence on the final score. River flow from a gauge more than 10 miles away is down-weighted the same way.

Forage Match

When a target species is selected, conditions are evaluated against the species' prey activity patterns. Water temperature near the species' forage activation temperature earns a bonus, and VPD conditions that favor insect hatches are factored in for insect-dependent species. Moves the day's score.

Species Feeding Time

Species-specific feeding time preferences are applied to hourly scores. Dawn feeders like bass receive bonuses during early morning hours, while nocturnal species like catfish are favored in evening and night windows. With no species chosen, the hours follow a typical fish's day, the average of every species' feeding curve: busy at dawn and dusk, quiet overnight. A best window that falls after dark says so, says why, and reminds you to bring a light. These hourly scores also inform the daily opportunity limit.

Why Solunar Is Only 3% of Our Score

Most fishing apps (Solunar.org, Tides4Fishing, In-Fisherman) treat solunar tables as their primary or only input. The most recent peer-reviewed test of popular solunar tables ( Quigley et al. 2023 in SN Applied Sciences, 361 single-angler Utah trout trips) found no significant relationship between solunar tables and catch rates. Ambient air temperature was the only environmental variable that did predict CPUE. That is why we keep solunar deliberately small (3%) and put water temperature, pressure, wind, tides, and streamflow at the center of the scoring instead.

Grading Scale

A+93-100Exceptional conditions, among the best days of the month.
A85-92Excellent conditions. Worth making time for.
B+78-84Very good conditions. Worth planning a trip.
B70-77Good conditions. Fish should be active.
C+63-69Above average. Timing matters more.
C55-62Fair conditions. Pick your hours carefully.
D45-54Below average. May need patience.
F0-44Poor conditions. Challenging fishing.

Coastal vs Freshwater

Our system automatically detects coastal locations and adjusts factor weights accordingly. The base weights below shift with the season, as described under Seasonal Weight Shifting above:

Coastal Locations

  • • Tides factor enabled (12%)
  • • Solunar (3%) and moon phase (1%)
  • • Pressure and wind (7% and 13%)
  • • UV index tracked, and humidity in summer
  • • Water temp from NOAA tide-station thermometers, buoys and satellite SST

Freshwater Locations

  • • No tides factor
  • • Solunar (3%) and moon phase (1%)
  • • River flow from USGS and Corps dam releases (8%) with trend detection
  • • Water temp from a USGS gauge on your water, or modeled where there is none
  • • Dissolved oxygen and turbidity from USGS where measured, estimated otherwise
  • • Frozen lakes in the north, scored through the ice for walleye, northern pike, crappie, yellow perch, bluegill, and largemouth bass

Data Sources

We aggregate data from trusted government and scientific sources:

  • •
    NOAA CO-OPS: Tide predictions, water levels, and coastal water temperatures
  • •
    NOAA ERDDAP: Satellite sea surface temperature (jplMURSST41) at 1km resolution for coastal and offshore areas
  • •
    NOAA GLERL: The Great Lakes Surface Environmental Analysis, a daily satellite map of surface temperature on all five lakes at about 1.4 km, read at the cell nearest your spot. On a Great Lake it is the first source, ahead of buoys and river gauges
  • •
    USGS Water Services: Real-time stream water temperatures, streamflow discharge (with 6-hour rate-of-change detection), dissolved oxygen concentrations, and turbidity readings from monitoring stations nationwide
  • •
    Open-Meteo: Weather forecasts, barometric pressure, wind speed & direction, precipitation, dew point, vapor pressure deficit, CAPE, visibility, and solar radiation
  • •
    NOAA NDBC: Buoy water temperatures offshore and on the Great Lakes
  • •
    US Army Corps of Engineers: Release flows below Corps dams, where no USGS gauge measures the tailwater
  • •
    Astronomical Algorithms: Precise moon phase, position, lunar distance, and solunar period calculations

The dissolved oxygen, turbidity and streamflow rate-of-change inputs are unusual for a fishing forecast. Most apps rely on weather data alone.

Frequently Asked Questions

That is almost always a bluebird day: the clear, still, cold-feeling day that arrives right behind a cold front, once the barometer has stopped falling and started to climb. It is the nicest day of the week to be outdoors and frequently the slowest one to fish. The sunshine is not the cause. Harsh light reaches deeper, a slick surface gives fish nothing to hide under, the water sheds heat overnight under a clear sky, and fish that were roaming shallow ahead of the weather pull back to cover and stop chasing. We label these days in the forecast so the grade is not a mystery, and the label is deliberately mild: fish hold tight and feed in shorter windows, which is a real effect and not a reason to stay home. Fish slower and closer to cover.

If you have picked a species and the water temperature is outside the range that species can comfortably feed in, the grade is capped no matter how good the rest of the day looks. A largemouth bass in 45 degree water is not going to have a great day because the wind dropped. When that cap is what set your grade, the forecast now says so directly: it names the temperature, the species limit it fell outside, and what the day would have scored otherwise. Flat weeks usually mean the cap is doing the work, and the fix is either a different target species or different water.

Not for its own sake, and that is deliberate. The old proverb about south winds and east winds is the most quoted saying in fishing, but a 2017 review by Lennox and colleagues traced the apparent effect to confounded weather patterns and to how wind interacts with the shape of a particular lake, rather than to compass direction itself. We removed the directional scoring table in April 2026. What we score instead is wind speed and steadiness, which is where the measurable signal actually sits. Direction counts in one place only: a north-westerly is one of the signs we use to confirm that a cold front has passed, alongside a rising barometer, a clear sky and a drop in temperature, so it can help mark a day as post-frontal. Direction is also displayed, because it tells you which bank the wind is stacking bait against, and that is genuinely useful for deciding where to fish.

The best days to fish in 2026 depend mostly on the water temperature and weather where you fish, with the moon playing a smaller part. New and full moons, roughly two weeks apart, are the traditional favorites, but the evidence for them is weak. Our forecast rates every day from A+ to F for your location, weighing water temperature most heavily, then wind, rain, pressure, sky, tides or river flow, and the moon. Enter your zip code on our homepage to see the best rated days for your specific location.

Whether today is a good day to fish depends on your location and the current conditions. Our fishing forecast analyzes real-time data from NOAA, USGS, and Open-Meteo including moon phase, solunar feeding periods, barometric pressure trends, wind speed and steadiness, water temperature, and precipitation to give you a daily grade from A+ to F. Enter your zip code on our homepage to get today's fishing rating and see the best times to fish near you.

A fishing almanac is a calendar that rates days ahead of time, traditionally from moon phases and solunar tables. Ours covers 24 months and rates each day on moon phase and solunar timing for the whole country, which tops out around B+, because a national calendar cannot know the water temperature or weather where you fish. Enter a location for a full A+ to F grade that weighs those too.

The solunar calendar predicts fish feeding activity based on the position of the moon and sun relative to your location. Solunar theory marks major feeding periods of about two hours, centered on the moon passing directly overhead (lunar transit) or directly underfoot (opposing transit), and minor periods of about one hour, centered on moonrise and moonset. Solunar theory was developed by John Alden Knight in 1926 after analyzing over 200 record catches. Our forecast uses these periods to shape the hourly chart and the best times of day, and grades the day itself mainly on water temperature and weather where you fish.

New and full moon phases are traditionally considered the best for fishing because gravitational pull is strongest during these alignments, creating more tidal movement in coastal areas. However, the most recent peer-reviewed test (Quigley et al. 2023, 361 trout trips) found no significant relationship between lunar phase and catch rates, so the effect is likely smaller than tradition suggests. Water temperature, barometric pressure, and weather matter considerably more than moon phase alone, and moon phase is only a 1% factor in our score, not a primary driver.

Less than its reputation suggests. Controlled studies of catch rates (Kuparinen 2010, Hanson 2008, Arlinghaus 2017, Shaw 2021) find weak or no direct effect of barometric pressure, which is why it is a modest factor in our score rather than a headline one. What pressure does well is mark the weather around it: a steady fall usually means a front is on the way, and a sharp rise behind one usually brings the bright, clear, often windy conditions that slow fishing. We score both the level, best near 30 inHg, and how fast it is changing, with the most credit for a steady fall ahead of a front and a deduction once a front has passed.

Solunar tables predict the best fishing times based on the position of the sun and moon. They identify major periods (about two hours, centered on the moon passing directly overhead or underfoot) and minor periods (about one hour, centered on moonrise and moonset). Solunar theory was developed by John Alden Knight in 1926 from analysis of about 200 record catches. The most recent peer-reviewed test of popular solunar tables (Quigley et al. 2023 in SN Applied Sciences, covering 361 trout trips) found no significant relationship with catch rates. We include solunar as a small (3%) factor in our scoring rather than the primary input, and let water temperature, pressure, and weather carry the score instead. In the condition assessment that factor reads the moon's phase and distance. Feeding periods shape the hourly chart and best times, and those hourly scores also inform the daily opportunity limit.

The best times to fish are typically early morning (dawn to a few hours after sunrise) and late afternoon (a few hours before sunset until dusk). These low-light periods are reliable feeding windows because fish feel more secure in shallower water. Solunar feeding periods can stack with dawn or dusk to create stronger convergence windows, but on their own they are a smaller signal than light and weather conditions.

Major feeding periods last about two hours, centered on the moon passing directly overhead (lunar transit) or directly underfoot (opposing lunar transit). Minor feeding periods last about one hour, centered on moonrise and moonset. Solunar tables identify these as the strongest feeding windows of the day, though recent peer-reviewed research (Quigley et al. 2023) has not confirmed a measurable catch-rate effect. We use these windows in the hourly chart and the best times of day, alongside dawn, dusk and the weather hour by hour, and those hourly scores also inform the daily opportunity limit. They are useful to know, but weather and water conditions matter more.

Often, and anglers have reported it for generations. Studies of pressure itself find weak direct effects, so the cloud, wind and fading light that come ahead of a front are as likely a cause as the barometer. The pre-frontal window can produce excellent fishing, often within 12-24 hours before the storm arrives, and our pressure score gives the most credit to a steady fall ahead of a front. Once the front passes, fishing typically slows under the clear, bright high behind it until conditions settle. If the storm brings thunder, get off the water at the first rumble: we count the thunder hours and the hour after them as unsafe to be out in, the grade comes down with them, and no best window is offered inside one.

Tides dramatically affect coastal fishing success. Moving water (during incoming and outgoing tides) concentrates baitfish, brings in nutrients, and triggers predator feeding activity. Current runs hardest midway between high and low water, roughly two to four hours after the turn, and our tide score peaks there. Slack tide, around each high and low when the water pauses and turns, scores lowest and usually fishes slowest.

Our scoring weights are informed by peer-reviewed fisheries research rather than 1920s folklore. Three studies directly shape our methodology. Stoner (2004) in Journal of Fish Biology identifies water temperature, light level, current velocity, and ambient prey density as the four co-dominant catchability drivers, each capable of order-of-magnitude CPUE variation. Shaw, Renik and Sass (2021) in PLOS ONE used 12 years of compulsory creel data at Escanaba Lake (Wisconsin) to model how weather, light, lunar, wind, and angler variables shape walleye and muskellunge catch. Quigley et al. (2023) in SN Applied Sciences logged 361 single-angler trout trips in Utah and found no significant relationship between popular solunar tables and catch rates, while ambient air temperature was the only environmental variable with a positive association. That is why we treat solunar as a small 3% input rather than the primary one. Most fishing forecasts cite no peer-reviewed sources at all.

Four things set our scoring apart from typical solunar or weather-only apps. First, we publish every factor weight transparently (water temperature 22-23%, wind 12-13%, pressure 7%, and so on through 12 factors), while most fishing forecasts treat their formula as proprietary. Second, we pull real-time water-quality data that competitors skip: USGS dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and streamflow with 6-hour rate-of-change. Third, our weights are informed by peer-reviewed fisheries research (Stoner 2004 in Journal of Fish Biology, Shaw, Renik and Sass 2021 in PLOS ONE, Quigley et al. 2023 in SN Applied Sciences). Fourth, we deliberately keep solunar small at 3%. Solunar-only apps like Solunar.org, Tides4Fishing, and In-Fisherman put it at the center of their forecast, but the most rigorous recent study found no significant solunar-catch-rate relationship.

We pull real-time water-quality data from US government monitoring networks: USGS dissolved oxygen concentrations (with species-specific thresholds across three tiers, since coldwater species like trout take a penalty below 9 mg/L while estuarine species tolerate 6), USGS turbidity readings in NTU (moderate stain at 10-50 NTU is ideal for most species), and USGS streamflow discharge with 6-hour rate-of-change detection (a rising or falling river changes feeding behavior in measurable ways). These inputs are absent from typical solunar or weather-only fishing apps, which usually stop at moon phase, pressure, and air temperature.

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